Chemistry Practicals Class 10
Testing various acids and bases with different reagents
- Teach science experiments in a gamified way
- Boost conceptual clarity and knowledge retention
- Aligned with National Education Policy 2020
- Helpful in getting NAAC accreditation
- CBSE, ICSE, and state boards aligned curricula
- Engaging simulations with easy-to-teach instructions
About Simulation
- Through this simulation for the acids and bases experiment, you can explore the properties of various substances and observe their reactions with indicators without the need for physical materials.
- You can enhance your understanding of the properties of acids and bases, as well as their differences in terms of pH and chemical behaviour.
- By engaging with the simulation, you can learn how indicators such as litmus paper, phenolphthalein, and methyl orange can be effectively used to identify acidic and basic solutions, providing practical knowledge in chemical analysis.
- You will gain insight into the importance of pH in everyday applications and various fields such as chemistry, biology, and environmental science, broadening your understanding of its significance in diverse contexts.
- Through this interactive experience, you can acquire valuable knowledge about acids, bases, and pH, which can be applied in real-world scenarios, fostering a deeper appreciation for their roles in chemistry and related disciplines.
Simulation Details
Description
The nature of the chemicals used in the laboratory can be neutral, basic, or acidic. This characteristic of the chemical depends on the release of H+ and OH– ions in its aqueous solution, Chemicals that release H+ ions are acidic, whereas those that release OH– are basic.
pH: It is a measure of the power of H+ ions in a solution.
- It is defined as the negative logarithm of hydrogen ions in a solution. It is used to determine the strength of an acid or base.
- The term pH refers to the “potential of hydrogen ions.
- The negative logarithm of H+ molarity is called pH.
The symbol H+ represents the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution.
- As the pH scale is logarithmic, a ten-fold change in concentration leads to an increase or decrease in an integer value. For example, a pH of 3 is ten times acidic than a pH of 4. Similar to this, a pH of 3 is a hundred times more acidic than a pH of 5. Similarly, a pH of 11 is ten times more acidic than a pH of 10.
pH scale: pH is normally measured in a range of 0–14 (Due to mathematical definition and calculation, it is possible to get negative pH and pH above 14.)
The nature of the solution is determined by its pH value.
pH < 7: Solutions with a pH of less than 7 are considered acidic. These solutions turn blue litmus red.
pH = 7: Solutions with a pH of 7 are considered neutral. Litmus does not change colour when using these solutions.
pH > 7: Solutions with a pH higher than 7 are considered basic. These solutions turn red litmus blue.
Measuring pH: The pH of a solution can be determined using an instrument like a pH meter or various indicators, which change their colour accordingly depending upon the nature of the test solution.
(i) pH meter: A calibrated instrument called a pH meter can give the pH up to two decimal places.
- pH meters are calibrated using buffer solutions that have an accurately known pH.
- It measures pH more accurately than indicators.
- Nowadays, pH sensors are used to measure the pH.
Watch this video to learn more about chemistry.
Requirements for this Science Experiment
- Hydrochloric acid
- Sulphuric acid
- Nitric acid
- Acetic acid
- Sodium hydroxide
- Potassium hydroxide
- Calcium hydroxide
- Magnesium hydroxide
- Ammonium hydroxide
- Test tubes
- Test tube stand
- White tile
- Dropper
- Watch glasses
- Phenolphthalein indicator
- Methyl orange indicator
- Blue and red litmus papers
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