Saliva is a crucial component of the digestive system, as it plays a significant role in food digestion. It contains two essential enzymes—lingual lipase and salivary amylase—that help break down food while chewing and swallowing. Lingual lipase breaks down fats, while salivary amylase breaks down starches into simpler sugars, which aids in easier absorption by the body.

Saliva aids digestion and keeps the mouth hydrated, which is vital for speech quality. It also helps lubricate the mouth, throat, and oesophagus, making it easier to speak and swallow.

The effect of saliva on digestion is significant, as it initiates the process of breaking down food particles and preparing them for further digestion in the stomach. For instance, when we chew food, saliva is secreted, which mixes with the food to form a bolus. The bolus moves down the oesophagus and into the stomach, where digestion continues.

Understanding the effect of saliva on the breakdown of starches in the diet highlights the essential role this bodily fluid plays in maintaining overall digestive health. A decrease in saliva production can lead to dry mouth, difficulty swallowing, and an increased risk of tooth decay and gum disease.

Requirements for this Science Experiment